国立アメリカ歴史博物館さんのインスタグラム写真 - (国立アメリカ歴史博物館Instagram)「On July 4, 1863: Readers of “Harper's Weekly” learn of a daring raid by U.S. forces into rebel-held territory in South Carolina that delivered more than 700 enslaved people to freedom. For many, this piece was their introduction to Harriet Tubman. By that time, Tubman was an already an accomplished leader in the fight to end slavery. After escaping from bondage in Maryland in 1849, she returned to the state 13 times and led more than 70 people to freedom. When the Civil War began, Tubman volunteered to serve on the front lines in South Carolina. There, she worked as cook, nurse—and spy. Tubman recruited and commanded formerly enslaved men to serve as the military scouts. She also co-planned this unprecedented raid behind enemy lines. On June 2, 1863, Tubman guided the 2nd Regiment South Carolina Volunteer Infantry—a regiment of Black soldiers commanded by Col. James Montgomery—on gunboats up the Combahee River. The soldiers destroyed enemy bridges, burned several plantations, and helped liberate more than 700 enslaved people. The July 4 article in “Harper's Weekly” did not mention Tubman's involvement in the Combahee River Raid. Other reports corrected that error. One noted that the operation was "originated and conducted" under Tubman; the headline read "A Black she 'Moses,'" explaining "She is now called 'Moses,' having inherited the name for the many daring feats she has accomplished in behalf of the bondsmen and the many slaves she has set free." Decades later, Harriet Tubman petitioned for a pension reflecting her service as a commander during the war. The U.S. government refused, instead granted her a smaller pension that reflected her service as a nurse and her status as a veteran's widow. Harriet Tubman was granted a monthly pension of $20. Ironically, her military service during the Civil War helped fuel campaigns to put her likeness on *every* $20 bill. In 2016, the Obama administration launched plans to replace Andrew Jackson on the $20 bill with Harriet Tubman. When the updated bill was delayed, Dano Wall created a stamp, available for 3D printing, so people could stamp Tubman's face over Jackson. "Harper's Weekly" 📷: @librarycongress」7月4日 22時50分