ミシカのインスタグラム(mishkagram) - 4月12日 08時55分

Eldridge Cleaver — one of the most complex, complicated and controversial figures of the civil-rights movement — was a passionate man with a troubled mind and violent upbringing. Cleaver's personal, political and religious beliefs would waver and change. Born in Wabbaseka, Arkansas, on August 31, 1935, Cleaver grew up with a violent father who beat his mother. His youth was spent in reform school and prisons in California. In 1957 Cleaver was convicted of assault with intent to murder. He spent time in California's San Quentin and Folsom prions. Cleaver wrote several essays that would later be released as his 1968 autobiography Soul on Ice. In Soul on Ice, Cleaver wrote about raping numerous women, and his transition from violent crime into being a follower of Malcolm X and an ardent Marxist revolutionary. He wrote in his 1978 autobiography Soul on Fire, "Rape was an insurrectionary act” against the “White man’s laws.” But before either books were published, Cleaver was released from prison in 1966. He helped found the Black Panther Party with Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. Cleaver — with his strong persona and fiery rhetoric — became the Black Panther Party’s Minister of Information. In an act of brilliant messaging and propaganda, Cleaver coined the phrase, “You’re either part of the solution or you’re part of the problem.” You could argue Cleaver was both. After an infamous 1968 shootout with police, Cleaver fled the country. He returned to America in 1975 and began a confounding political shift. Before his death in 1998, Cleaver became a member of the GOP and passionately endorsed Republican candidates. Cleaver, specifically, supported Ronald Reagan, whom he had personally denounced back in 1968. He died renouncing the Black Panther Party and many of the ideals he once stood for. Eldridge Cleaver is a reminder that there are no absolutes and that ideals truly exist in our imaginations — not in reality. He is an undeniably important person. He is also undeniably controversial and a symbol of extreme internal and external conflict. For his contribution to the civil-rights movement and the Black Panther Party, Eldridge Cleaver is a Radical(credits in comments)

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